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1 κελαινεφής
κελαι-νεφής, ές (κελαινός, νέφος): as epith. of Zeus, god of the dark clouds, subst., Od. 13.147; of blood, dark.A Homeric dictionary (Greek-English) (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ομηρικό λεξικό) > κελαινεφής
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2 νεφέλη
νεφέλη, ης, ἡ (Hom.+; Kaibel 375; pap, LXX, En, TestAbr; TestJob 42:3; TestLevi 18:5; ApcEsdr 5:7 p. 29, 32 Tdf.; Philo, Joseph., Just., Mel.) cloud ν. λευκή Rv 14:14a. Clouds fr. the west bringing rain Lk 12:54. νεφέλαι σκότους dark clouds as a comparison for a swarm of worms ApcPt 10:25. ν. σκοτεινή GJs 19:2, foll. by ἡ ν. ὑπεστέλλετο the cloud disappeared. ν. ἄνυδροι waterless clouds, that yield no rain Jd 12; cp. 2 Pt 2:17 v.l. Jesus at the Transfiguration was overshadowed by a νεφέλη φωτεινή bright cloud (ν. as a sign of God’s presence: Jos., Ant. 3, 290; 310) Mt 17:5; cp. Mk 9:7; Lk 9:34f (HRiesenfeld, Jésus Transfiguré ’47, 130–45). περιβεβλημένος νεφέλην (Lucian, Jupp. Trag. 16) clothed in a cloud Rv 10:1. Christ ascending in a cloud Ac 1:9 (cp. Dosiadis [III B.C.]: 458 Fgm. 5 Jac. of Ganymede: νέφος ἥρπασεν αὐτὸν εἰς οὐρανόν; Ps.-Apollod. 2, 7, 7, 12 of Heracles). Likew. the believers 1 Th 4:17 (cp. PGM 5, 277 τὸν περιεχόμενον … ὑπὸ τῆς τοῦ ἀέρος νεφέλης); cp. Rv 11:12. Clouds as the vehicle of Christ at his second coming ἐρχόμενον ἐπὶ τῶν ν. τοῦ οὐρανοῦ (cp. Da 7:13) Mt 24:30; 26:64. ἐν νεφέλαις Mk 13:26. ἐν νεφέλῃ Lk 21:27. μετὰ τῶν ν. τοῦ οὐρανοῦ (Da 7:13 Theod.) Mk 14:62; cp. Rv 1:7. ἐπάνω τῶν ν. τοῦ οὐρανοῦ D 16:8; καθήμενος ἐπὶ τῆς ν. Rv 14:15f; ἐπὶ τὴν ν. vs. 14b. ὑπὸ τὴν ν. εἶναι be under the cloud 1 Cor 10:1 (for the idea cp. Ex 14:19ff; Num 14:14; Ps 104:39; Wsd 10:17; 19:7). πάντες ἐβαπτίσθησαν (v.l. ἐβαπτίσαντο; B-D-F §317; Rob. 808) ἐν τῇ νεφέλῃ they were all baptized in (by) the cloud vs. 2 is meant to establish a baptism for those who were in the desert, even though neither the OT nor Jewish tradition views the cloud as a source of moisture.—On the function of clouds in apocalyptic scenarios s. JReeves, Heralds of That Good Realm ’96, 169f.—DELG s.v. νεφέλη I. M-M. TW. -
3 σκοτίτας
A dark clouds (cf. κελαινεφής), or as a god of the nether world, or from the dark oak-forest surrounding the shrine (v.l. [full] Σκοτινᾶς ap.St.Byz.), Paus.3.10.6.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > σκοτίτας
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4 σκότος
σκότος, ους, τό (as a masc. word Hom. et al. and so in the Attic writers [EFraenkel, ZVS 43, 1910, 195ff; σκότος and φῶς], as well as Jos., Ant. 19, 216; 217; as a neut. Pind. et al. and H. Gk. gener., also in LXX [Thackeray p. 159]; pseudepigr.; Philo; Jos., Bell. 6, 140, Ant. 1, 27; apolog.; PWarr 21, 25; 30 [III A.D.].—B-D-F §51, 2; Mlt-H. 127. Only in Hb 12:18 does ὁ σκ. appear as a v.l. in the t.r.) ‘darkness’① darkness, gloom, lit., of the darkness in the depths of the sea B 10:10. Of dark clouds ApcPt 10:25. Of the darkening of the sun (σκότος at the death of Aeschyl., acc. to Aristoph.: Ael. Aristid. 32, 32 K.=12 p. 145 D. At the death of Alexander ἐγένετο σκότος: Ps.-Callisth. 3, 33, 26. Others HUsener, RhM n.s. 55, 1900, 286f) Mt 27:45; Mk 15:33; Lk 23:44; GPt 5:15; Ac 2:20 (Jo 3:4: here σκ. means ‘bearer of darkness’; s. 4, end). Of the darkness of chaos (Gen 1:2; Mel., P. 82, 611; Theoph. Ant. 1, 6 [p. 70, 19]) 2 Cor 4:6. Of the darkness of nonexistence 1 Cl 38:3 (Sb 8960, 19 [grave-epigram I B.C.] σκότους πύλας); JosAs 8:10 ἀπὸ τοῦ σκότους εἰς τὸ φῶς). Of the darkness of the place of punishment far removed fr. the heavenly kingdom (Philo, Exsecr. 152 βαθὺ σκότος. Cp. Wsd 17:20; PsSol 14:9.—σκ. κ. βόρβορος ‘gloom and muck’ await those who are untrue to the Eleusinian Mysteries, Ael. Aristid. 22, 10 K.=19 p. 421 D. Of the darkness of death and the underworld in Hom. and the Trag. As the domain of evil spirits PGM 36, 138; Theoph. Ant. 2, 7 [p. 110, 5]) τὸ σκ. τὸ ἐξώτερον the darkness outside Mt 8:12; 22:13; 25:30 (also ApcEsdr 4:37 p. 29, 16 Tdf.; cp. Vi. Aesopi W 31 P., where Aesop advises a man: ῥῖψον αὐτὴν [his wife] εἰς τὸ σκότος.—RTaylor, Theology 33, ’42, 277–83). Also ὁ ζόφος τοῦ σκότους (ζόφος 2) 2 Pt 2:17; Jd 13.—Of the darkness in which the blind live (Soph., Oed. R. 419; Eur., Phoen. 377; 1534; Dt 28:29) w. ἀχλύς (q.v. 1) Ac 13:11. [διὰ τὸ] σκότος ἀφα̣[νής] unnoticed because of the darkness AcPl Ha 3, 27 (other restorations suggested in app.).② the state of being unknown, darkness, fig. τὰ κρυπτὰ τοῦ σκότους the things that are hidden in darkness and therefore are known to nobody 1 Cor 4:5.③ the state of spiritual or moral darkness, darkness, of darkening by sin, of the state of unbelievers and of the godless, opp. φῶς (Herm. Wr. 7, 2a; Philo, Det. Pot. Ins. 101, Somn. 2, 39; TestLevi 19:1; TestNapht 2:10; OdeSol 11:19; TestAbr B 7 p. 111, 22 [Stone p. 70]; TestJob 43:6; JosAs 15:13; Mel., P. 68, 491; Orig., C. Cels. 6, 67, 6.—S. σκότος as gnostic term Iren. 1, 4, 2 [Harv. I 36, 2]; Hippol., Ref. 10, 16, 4) Mt 4:16 (Is 9:1; s. σκοτία); 6:23b; J 3:19; Ac 26:18; Ro 2:19; 2 Cor 6:14; 1 Th 5:4f; 1 Pt 2:9; 1J 1:6; 1 Cl 59:2; B 14:7 (Is 42:7); 18:1; AcPl Ha 8, 32/BMM verso 4. Opp. δικαιοσύνη B 5:4. Cp. 14:5f. W. σκιὰ θανάτου (σκιά 2b) Lk 1:79 (schol. on Soph., El. 1079 p. 149 P. ἐν σκότει γενέσθαι τ. θανάτου. For σκότος=darkness of death cp. Plut., Mor. 296ab, an oath ‘by the σκότος near the oak tree, where the men of Priene had been killed in such great numbers’; s. also New Docs 4, 149).—Sins are τὰ ἔργα τοῦ σκότους Ro 13:12; Eph 5:11.—On ἡ ἐξουσία τοῦ σκότους Lk 22:53; Col 1:13 s. ἐξουσία 6. On οἱ κοσμοκράτορες τοῦ σκότους τούτου Eph 6:12 s. κοσμοκράτωρ.—In a related sense, and in contrast to φῶς, σκότος has the sense④ bearer/victim/instrument of darkness Mt 6:23a; Lk 11:35; Eph 5:8 (s. KKuhn, NTS 7, ’61, 339f [Qumran]). S. also 3 above.—B. 61. DELG. M-M. EDNT. TW. Sv. -
5 νεφέλη
Grammatical information: f.Meaning: `cloud, mass of clouds' (ep. poet. Il., also X., Arist.) also of cloudlike disturbances in urine a. in eye (medic.), metaph. `fine bird-net' (Ar., Call., AP).Compounds: Compp., e.g. νεφελ-ηγερέτα `cloudgatherer', adjunct of Zeus, with voc. for nom. (Risch Sprachgesch. u. Wortbed. 394f.), ἐπι-νέφελος `clouded' (Hdt., Hp., Arist.). Compp., e.g. νεφο-ειδής `cloud-like' (Epicur.), συν-νεφής `surrounded by clouds, dark' (E., Arist.), ἐπι-νεφής `cloudy, bringing clouds' (Arist., Thphr.) with the backformations συν-νέφει, - νένοφεν (Ar., E., Arist.), ἐπι-νέφει (Arist., Thphr.) `is, makes cloudy' with ἐπίνεψις f. `cloudiness' (Arist.).Derivatives: 1. Diminut. νεφέλιον n. (Arist., Thphr., medic.); 2. Adj. νεφελ-ώδης `cloudy' (Arist.), - ωτός `covered with clouds, consisting of clouds' (Luc.). 3. Verbs: νεφελ-όομαι (Eust.), - ίζομαι (sch.) `be(come) covered with clouds'. -- νέφος n. `cloud, mass of c.' (Il.). Derivv.: 1. Dimin. νεφύδριον (Olymp. Phil.); 2. Adj. νεφώδης `cloudlike, bringing clouds' (Arist., Str.); 3. Verb νεφόομαι, also w. ἐκ-, `become cloudy, be changed in a cloud' (Thphr., Ph.) with νέφωσις f. `cloudiness' (Ph.).Etymology: Old inherited words with exact correspondences in several languages. With νεφέλη agrees Lat. nebula (u however polyinterpretable), prob. also MWelsh. nyfel `cloud' (Loth Rev. celt. 47. 172 f.), IE * nebhelā. Also Germanic points with varying auslaut (ā- or ŏ-stem) and var. vowel to the same l-element, e.g. OWNo. njōl f. `darkness' (Germ. ō-stem = IE ā-stem), OHG nebul m. `mist' (Germ. a-stem = IE o-stem); some Celtic forms, e.g. OIr. nēl, gen. nivil m. `cloud, mist', are ambiguous. -- Beside this l-stem, which prob. not accidentally agrees with the l-stem of the words for `sun' (s. ἥλιος) and `wind' (s. ἄελλα, θύελλα), we find in the east a widespread s-stem in νέφος = Skt. nábhas- n. `cloud, mist, haze', Hitt. nepiš, OCS. nebo, gen. nebes-e `heaven' (through `cloud' \> `heaven' Brandenstein Stud. z. idg. Grundspr. 24 f.) etc., IE *nébhos n.; on the variation s: l cf. e.g. ἔτος: ἔταλον, θάρσος: θαρσα-λέος a.o. (Benveniste Origines 46 f.). -- More forms w. partly uncertain combinations in WP. 1, 131 f., Pok. 315f., W.-Hofmann s. nebula, Mayrhofer s. nábhaḥ, Vasmer s. nébo; s. also Porzig Gliederung 189f. (Not here ὄμβρος.)Page in Frisk: 2,Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > νεφέλη
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6 κυάνεος
κῠᾰν-εος, α, ον, [var] contr. [full] κῠᾰνοῦς, ῆ, οῦν Pl.Ti. 68c, etc., prob. in A.Pers.81 (lyr.), Euph.51.7 (cf.II of the colour of κ., dark-blue, glossy, of the swallow, Simon.74; of the halcyon, Arist.HA 616a15; of the skin of the porpoise, ib. 566b12; of the deep sea, E.IT7, cf. Arist.Pr. 932a31;πόντου κ. δῖναι Xenarch.1.7
; κ. χρῶμα Pl.l.c.;τὸ κ. ἐξ ἰσάτιδος καὶ πυρώδους Thphr.Sens.77
.2 generally, dark, black, of the mourning veil of Thetis, Il.24.94; of clouds, 5.345, 20.418, Od.12.75; of the brows of Zeus, Il.1.528;χαῖται 22.402
;γενειάδες Od.16.176
; ἄνδρες, of Africans, Hes.Op. 527; γαῖα ψάμμῳ κυανέη (of the bottom of Charybdis) Od.12.243; κ. χθών, of Delos, Pi.Fr.87.4; κ. θάλαμος, of the chamber of Persephone, Sapph.119; φάλαγγες κ. dark masses of warriors, Il.4.282;κυάνεον Τρώων νέφος 16.66
: metaph.,Κῆρες κ. Hes.Sc. 249
;κ. δνόφος Simon.37.8
;λόχμα Pi.O.6.40
;Ἄιδης IG14.1389i
i25. [[pron. full] ῡ, metri gr., in dactylic verse, Hom., etc.]Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > κυάνεος
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7 κελαινός
Grammatical information: adj.Meaning: `black, dark' (Il.).Compounds: As 1. member e. g. (with haplology) in κελαι(νο)-νεφής `with black clouds', of Ζεύς (Hom., Pi.); also of αἷμα (Hom.), of πεδίον, σκότος (Pi.), for the explanation Leumann Hom. Wörter 202ff.Derivatives: Denomin. verbs: κελαινόομαι `get dark' (A. Ch. \>413, lyr.), κελαινιάω `be black' (Opp., Nonn.; after the verbs of disease in - ιάω, Schwyzer 732).Origin: XX [etym. unknown], PGX [probably a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Morphologically isolated and therefore difficult to assess. For the ending cf. περκνός, ἐρεμνός a. o., but κελαι- remains unclear. If one assumes a ιο-suffix (with metathesis) we arrive at an n-stem, which may be found in Lat. colum-ba `dove' (after the colour), Prellwitz BB 22, 102f. (Skt. kalaṅka- m. `spot, dirt' is prob. of Dravidian origin (Mayrhofer KEWA. s. v.). - Further s. κηλίς. - One might think of a Pre-Greek *kelany-o-, with palatalized n.Page in Frisk: 1,813-814Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κελαινός
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8 μέλᾶς
μέλᾶς, μέλαινα, μέλαν, dat. μείλανι, comp. μελάντερος: dark, black, in the general and extensive meaning of these words, opp. λευκός, Il. 3.103; said of dust, steel, blood, wine, water, grapes, ships, clouds, evening, night, death.—As subst., μέλαν δρυός, i. e. the ‘heart-wood,’ which is always the darkest, Od. 14.12.A Homeric dictionary (Greek-English) (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ομηρικό λεξικό) > μέλᾶς
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9 μέλαινα
μέλᾶς, μέλαινα, μέλαν, dat. μείλανι, comp. μελάντερος: dark, black, in the general and extensive meaning of these words, opp. λευκός, Il. 3.103; said of dust, steel, blood, wine, water, grapes, ships, clouds, evening, night, death.—As subst., μέλαν δρυός, i. e. the ‘heart-wood,’ which is always the darkest, Od. 14.12.A Homeric dictionary (Greek-English) (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ομηρικό λεξικό) > μέλαινα
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10 μέλαν
μέλᾶς, μέλαινα, μέλαν, dat. μείλανι, comp. μελάντερος: dark, black, in the general and extensive meaning of these words, opp. λευκός, Il. 3.103; said of dust, steel, blood, wine, water, grapes, ships, clouds, evening, night, death.—As subst., μέλαν δρυός, i. e. the ‘heart-wood,’ which is always the darkest, Od. 14.12.A Homeric dictionary (Greek-English) (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ομηρικό λεξικό) > μέλαν
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11 σκιόεις
A shady, shadowy, οὔρεα, ὄρεα ς., shady, i.e. thickly wooded, mountains, Il.1.157, Od.7.268, Pi.P.9.34; μέγαρα ς. dark chambers, Od.1.365, 4.768; ὄρθρον ὑπὸ σκιόεντα the morning twilight, Tryph.236.2 [voice] Act., νέφεα ς. overshadowing clouds, Il.5.525, Od.8.374, etc.II unsubstantial, of a reflection in a mirror, and of the shadow on a sun-dial,τύπος AP6.20
(Jul.), 9.807; κέρδος ὀνείρου ib.11.366 (Maced.).Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > σκιόεις
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